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Printing Materials

Rollers

Most of the printing processes except screen-printing use rollers in some way or the other. In offset, letterpress, and collotype printing, rollers used to transport the ink from the ink fountain to the form rollers. The transfer of the in from the fountain to the surface to be printed is an important factor in controlling both the quality and production in the printing process. A simple linking system with one or two rubber rollers is used in flexographic process. In the conventional and electro-assist gravure process, a special rubber impression roller is used. Rollers are even used to transport the paper and distribute ink in electrostatic printing.

General Requirements of Rollers :

Unfortunately, there is no one single type of roller that will fulfil all the requirements needed in the various printing processes. However, in general, rollers should have the following characteristics to provide a better performance.

  • Good affinity for ink and better ink transfer in the case of inking rollers and good affinity for water in the case of dampening rollers.
  • Good affinity for water
  • Good solvent resistance
  • Good heat resistance even at high working speed
  • Good abrasion resistance
  • Good resilience
  • Good tensile strength, hardness and dimensional stability
  • Good wear resistance properties
  • Should be easily washable

The proper selection of roller materials is essential for better performance. In such selections, consideration must be given to the hardness desired (durometer), position and functions of the roller on press, press speed, the type of ink and the solvents which will come in contact with the roller, and the printing method.